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Chart Academy

Learn to read a price chart from first principles — structure before indicators, confirmation and invalidation before prediction.

가격 차트를 처음부터 읽는 법을 배웁니다. 지표보다 구조를 먼저, 예측보다 확인과 무효화를 먼저 봅니다. 한국어로 보기 →

How to read any chart, in order

Structure before indicators. Every GMR chart explanation follows these ten steps.

  1. 1Data status — REALTIME / DELAYED / EOD / unavailable. Never analyse mock data publicly.
  2. 2Higher-timeframe structure — Uptrend, downtrend, range or transition.
  3. 3Key zones — The strongest support and resistance areas from swings and reactions.
  4. 4Trendlines and channels — Only meaningful anchors. Never force a line to fit.
  5. 5Break, retest, failure — Wick versus close, acceptance, rejection, role reversal.
  6. 6Volume — Does participation confirm the move?
  7. 7Moving averages — Slope, stack and confluence, with locale-aware periods.
  8. 8Momentum and volatility — RSI, MACD, Bollinger, ATR, Ichimoku — secondary evidence.
  9. 9Pattern recognition — Name a pattern only when geometry and context both fit.
  10. 10Scenario language — Base case, bullish confirmation, bearish confirmation, invalidation.

Your learning path

Three stages, in order. Each builds on the one before; structure always comes before indicators.

  1. Stage 1

    Foundation · Beginner

    Read a chart's structure, mark its levels as zones, and draw a line someone else could reproduce.

    1. 1How to read a price chart
    2. 2Candlestick anatomy and patterns
    3. 3Market structure: HH, HL, LH, LL
    4. 4Support, resistance, trendlines and channels
    5. 5How to draw levels, trendlines and channels
    6. 6Volume and participation

    13 concept pages at this stage →

  2. Stage 2

    Intermediate · Practitioner

    Judge breaks on closes, name a pattern only when its completion condition is met, and weigh the secondary evidence.

    1. 1Breakouts, retests, false breaks and traps
    2. 2Classic chart patterns
    3. 3Moving averages, slope and stack
    4. 4Smoothing, lag and the Kalman filter
    5. 5RSI, MACD, Bollinger, ATR, stochastic and ADX

    12 concept pages at this stage →

  3. Stage 3

    Advanced · Analyst

    Combine timeframes, state confluence and conflict, and write scenarios with their own invalidation.

    1. 1Multi-timeframe analysis, Fibonacci and confluence
    2. 2The Ichimoku cloud
    3. 3The GMR reading order and scenario discipline

    9 concept pages at this stage →

Browse by topic (14 lessons)

Jump straight to what you need.

Chart literacy

How to read a price chart

Time, price, OHLC, intervals, volume and scale — what a candle actually compresses, and why the same asset looks different on every timeframe.

Candlestick anatomy and patterns

Body, wick, close location — and the single- and multi-candle shapes worth naming, which only mean anything in context.

Market structure

Market structure: HH, HL, LH, LL

Mark the swings before you open a single indicator. Uptrend, downtrend, range and transition — and the difference between a local break and a character change.

Levels, trendlines and channels

Support, resistance, trendlines and channels

Levels are zones, not one-pixel lines. Role reversal, honest trendlines, and reading channel rhythm without predicting from it.

How to draw levels, trendlines and channels

A practical drawing procedure: frame and scale first, swings before lines, zones not pixels, wick or body chosen by purpose — and how to spot a drawing that is forcing the chart.

Breakouts and failures

Breakouts, retests, false breaks and traps

The difference between touching a level and accepting beyond it — plus what a failed break tells you that a clean one does not.

Classic chart patterns

Classic chart patterns

Triangles, wedges, flags, double tops, head and shoulders, cups, broadening formations and gaps — every one incomplete until its confirmation condition occurs.

Moving averages

Moving averages, slope and stack

SMA versus EMA, why slope and stack beat crossovers, and why 5/20/60/120/240 and 20/50/100/200 are both correct.

Smoothing filters

Smoothing, lag and the Kalman filter

SMA, EMA, Wilder's SMMA, the weighted WMA and a Kalman trend estimate compared honestly — every smoother trades lag for noise, and none of them forecasts.

Volume

Volume and participation

Does participation agree with the move? Expansion, climax, OBV — and why GMR will not publish volume-derived indicators the data cannot support.

Momentum and volatility

RSI, MACD, Bollinger, ATR, stochastic and ADX

Secondary evidence, read after structure. Why '70 sell, 30 buy' is wrong, what divergence really warns about, and where each indicator earns its place.

Ichimoku

The Ichimoku cloud

Five components, one trend-first reading. Price above, below or inside the cloud — and why not every crossing is a signal.

Multi-timeframe and confluence

Multi-timeframe analysis, Fibonacci and confluence

Top-down from weekly to intraday, naming timeframe conflict honestly, and counting confluence without double-counting the same evidence.

Scenario discipline

The GMR reading order and scenario discipline

The ten-step order every GMR chart explanation follows, the confidence ladder behind it, and how to write a scenario instead of a prediction.

Reference

Every pattern with its completion condition, and the vocabulary used across the site.

Pattern explorer

All 16 patterns in the GMR library, each with what it needs, what confirms it, what invalidates it, and the mistake people make with it.

Chart glossary

Every term this site uses in a chart explanation, defined plainly and linked to the lesson that teaches it.

How confident is a statement?

GMR labels the weight of every chart claim so you can disagree with a specific step, not just a verdict.

  • Observation — A direct, checkable chart fact.
  • Structural interpretation — A trend, level or pattern read from price.
  • Confirmation pending — The setup exists but its completion condition has not occurred.
  • Confirmed structure — The pattern or break requirement has been met.
  • Invalidated — The expected structure failed.

Educational context only. Nothing here is a trading signal, and no pattern or indicator guarantees an outcome.